[241] The other leading causes of death for these children were, in decreasing order, malaria, diarrhoea, HIV, and measles. [219]:page 296 The prevalence of male circumcision was above 90 per cent in the eastern[218] (Dar es Salaam, Pwani, and Morogoro regions), northern (Kilimanjaro, Tanga, Arusha, and Manyara regions), and central areas (Dodoma and Singida regions) and below 50 per cent only in the southern highlands zone (Mbeya, Iringa, and Rukwa regions). Largest . 0203 405 6666 [122][123], A review of current foreign policy is being undertaken by the sixth phase government to replace the current New Foreign Policy of 2001. National Bureau of Statistics Tanzania (web). To achieve this, Nyerere provided what is regarded as one of the most successful cases of ethnic repression and identity transformation in Africa. It was the subject of a bloody repression, which combined with famine caused 300 000 deaths among the population. [154], There are very few resources for Tanzanians in terms of credit services, infrastructure or availability to improved agricultural technologies, which further exacerbates hunger and poverty in the country according to the UNDP. North of Unguja is Pemba island. [43], In 1863, the Holy Ghost Mission established an early reception center and depot at Zanzibar. Alongside this, various sectors associated with nutrition are targeted such as agriculture, water, sanitation, education, economic development and social progress. Tanzania is home to about 130 amphibian and over 275 reptile species, many of them strictly endemic and included in the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red Lists of countries. These "Feed the Future" programmes heavily invest in nutrition, infrastructure, policy, capacity of institutions and agriculture which is identified by the organisation as a key area of economic growth in the country. [76]:page 1253 Very few Tanzanians have fixed-line telephones. In 2020 access to electricity reached a high of 84.6 percent, the highest in East Africa. Nearly the entire population of Zanzibar is Muslim. It remained only a small port until the . [152] The most prominent challenges Tanzania faces in poverty reduction are unsustainable harvesting of its natural resources, unchecked cultivation, climate change and water- source encroachment, according to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The discrepancies are so large that it is hard to avoid the conclusion that the government is lying. [232] Ethnic community languages (ECL) other than Kiswahili are not allowed as a language of instruction. [172], The Ruvuma and Nyuna regions of Tanzania have been explored mostly by the discovery company that holds a 75 per cent interest, Aminex, and has shown to hold in excess of 3.5trillion cubic feet of natural gas. [244] The island is 85 kilometers long and 30 kilometers wide, covering 1,666 square kilometers. Latham Island, commonly known as Fungu Mbaraka or Fungu Kizimkazi, is a tiny island administered by the Zanzibari government. [76]:page 1245. Zanzibar North Beach Maps - Includes Resorts In Kendwa, Nungwi & Matemwe Including Mnemba Island 3. The region of Zanzibar is actually a collection of several islands, known as the Zanzibar Archipelago. They brought with them the west African planting tradition and the primary staple of yams. Zanzibar, located off the coast of Tanzania, is a tropical paradise that offers some of the most beautiful beaches in Africa. None of these things is likely if growth is storming ahead. Experience the drama of the great migration, then chill on a palm-shaded beach. Economic, social, and religious power was increasingly vested in Kilwa, Tanzania's major medieval city-state. "The City Council performs a coordinating role and attends to issues cutting across the three municipalities", including security and emergency services. [225], There are also active communities of other religious groups, primarily on the mainland, such as Buddhists, Hindus, and Bah's. [76]:page 1251 In 2013, 49.7 per cent of Tanzania's electricity generation came from natural gas, 28.9 per cent from hydroelectric sources, 20.4 per cent from thermal sources, and 1.0 per cent from outside the country. [98] These include members elected to represent constituencies, the attorney general, five members elected by the Zanzibar house of representatives from among its own members, the special women's seats that constitute at least 30% of the seats that any party has in the assembly, the speaker of the assembly (if not otherwise a member of the assembly), and the persons (not more than ten) appointed by the president. Mcharazo AA, Olden A. (2016) "Fifty years of Tanzanias national/public library service. [1] The island saw use as a prison for rebellious slaves in 1860s and also functioned as a coral mine. Separated by the central plateau, the watersheds of these rivers do not meet. One of the best is the new Emerald Zanzibar Resort & Spa on Muyuni Beach in Matemwe with 250 suites, four restaurants, its own beach, protected reef, and spectacular pool area. [256] Only the 4 Tanzanian genres were permitted to be recorded or broadcast, which at the time was ngoma, taarab, kwaya and dansi. [145], From 2009 through to 2013, Tanzania's per capita GDP (based on constant local currency) grew an average of 3.5% per year, higher than any other member of the East African Community (EAC) and exceeded by only nine countries in Sub-Saharan Africa: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Lesotho, Liberia, Mozambique, Sierra Leone, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Campbell, Gwyn. The Judicial Branch of the AU and its courts are located in Tanzania. USAID reports that 16% of children are underweight and 34% experience stunted growth as a result of malnutrition. Predators include hyenas, wild dogs, and the big catslions, leopards, and cheetahs. [47] The Supreme Council of the 1919 Paris Peace Conference awarded all of GEA to Britain on 7 May 1919, over the strenuous objections of Belgium. Zanzibar | History & Map | Britannica According to the opposition, the election was full of fraud and irregularities. The central plateau, which receives less than 20 inches (510 mm) per year on average, is the driest area and experiences a single rainy season between December and May. [166] The electrical supply varies, particularly when droughts disrupt hydropower electric generation; rolling blackouts are implemented as necessary. [205], The population distribution in Tanzania is significantly uneven. [48]:246 The conference's Commission on Mandates ratified this agreement on 16 July 1919. [195] During the 1990s, around 25% of Tanzania's population were provided access to iodised oil aimed to target iodine deficiency within expecting mothers, as result of studies showing the negative effects of in-utero iodine deficiency on cognitive development in children. From 2015 to 2017 the price of maize when bought wholesale more than tripled, from TSh400/= per kilogramme to 1,253/= per kilogramme. Located on the Swahili coast, Dar es Salaam is an important economic centre and is one of the fastest-growing cities in the world. The word for religion in Swahili, dini, generally apply to the world religions of Christianity and Islam meaning that followers of traditional African religions are considered to be of "no religion". It's right on the Indian Ocean and faces Tanzania 's mainland and commercial capital, Dar es Salaam . Archaeological finds at Fukuchani, on the north-west coast of Zanzibar, indicate a settled agricultural and fishing community from the 6th century CE at the latest. [198], In 2010, Tanzania devoted 0.38 per cent of GDP to research and development. [48]:240 The British colonial secretary, Alfred Milner, and Belgium's minister plenipotentiary to the conference, Pierre Orts[fr], then negotiated the Anglo-Belgian agreement of 30 May 1919[49]:6189 where Britain ceded the north-western GEA provinces of Ruanda and Urundi to Belgium. After the declaration, banks and many large industries were nationalised. The Kalambo Falls, located on the Kalambo River at the Zambian border, is the second-highest uninterrupted waterfall in Africa. 12 days 5 locations where is Tanzania: Geographical Location, Size n Population of Tanzania [21] Over 100 different languages are spoken in Tanzania, making it the most linguistically diverse country in East Africa;[22] the country does not have a de jure official language,[23][24] although the national language is Swahili[25] which is used in parliamentary debate, in the lower courts, and as a medium of instruction in primary school, spoken by up to 90% as a second language. Dance with the Maasai, kiss a giraffe, dive over coral reefs. Updates? [48]:243 The Treaty of Versailles was signed on 28 June 1919, although the treaty did not take effect until 10 January 1920. Read More: Best Beaches in Africa Following the rise of Homo erectus 1.8million years ago, humanity spread all over the Old World, and later in the New World and Australia under the species Homo sapiens. [245][246] Singeli has since the mid-2000s been an unofficial music of uswahilini, unplanned communities in Dar es Salaam, and is the newest mainstream genre since 2020. The government has taken special measures to protect rhinoceroses and elephants, which have fallen victim to poachers. Pop. Furthermore, allocation of labour within the agricultural sector is largely allocated ineffectively. Roughly half of mainland Tanzania receives less than 30 inches (750 mm) of precipitation annually, an amount considered to be the minimum required for most forms of crop cultivation in the tropics. And why has bank lending to companies slumped? Zanzibar City is the largest city in Zanzibar and also the capital of the small islands that surround Tanzania.. An idyllic beach retreat tucked away at an isolated, sandy cove, this great-value beach holiday is a great place to rest up after an active safari and reflect on your wildlife experiences. [130] Tanzania is a founding member of the AU in 2001, and its predecessor the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) by the predecessors of Tanzania, Tanganyika and Zanzibar, in 1963. Drier months are January - February, and a longer drier season between June and October. The constitution of Zanzibar requires the party that comes in second in the polls to join a coalition with the winning party. The island is a perfect holiday spot for travelers after or before their safari experiences around the different parks and reserves of Tanzania. This map splits Zanzibar into five main areas: Stone Town plus four beach areas. (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46. Latham is an uninhabited island. Images of its white sand beaches, azure waters, and iconic dhows plying the waters fill hearts around the world with a sense of the archipelago's immense beauty and mystery. 2023 and Simba S.C.[265] The Tanzania Football Federation is the governing body for football in the country. [142] Tanzania has the highest occurrence of this human rights violation among 27 African countries where muti is known to be practised. Two luxuriously elegant hotels offer relaxation on Zanzibars beach-front and exploration of Stone Town. [210]:pages 689 The country's oral literature has been declining because of the breakdown of the multigenerational social structure, making transmission of oral literature more difficult, and because increasing modernisation has been accompanied by the devaluation of oral literature. [234] The language of the Iraqw people is Cushitic. Dar es Salaam was founded in 1862 by the sultan of Zanzibar on the site of the village of Mzizima. The city of Dar es Salaam is unique because it has a city council whose area of jurisdiction overlaps three municipal councils. What Are The Different Types Of Plateaus. [64] Nonetheless, from the late 1970s, Tanzania's economy took a turn for the worse, in the context of an international economic crisis affecting both developed and developing economies. [76]:page 1253 The country has a fibre-optic cable network that replaced unreliable satellite service, but internet bandwidth remains very low. With its crystal clear waters, diverse marine life, and . [150][151], The Global Hunger Index ranked the situation as "alarming" with a score of 42 in the year 2000; since then the GHI has declined to 29.5. The offshore islands and many highland areas have high annual precipitation totals of more than 60 inches (1,520 mm). [120][121] The current New Foreign Policy of 2001 was established to better address the end of colonialism and the cold war, globalization, market economics and liberalization, and the multi-party state of Tanzania. [97], All legislative power relating to mainland Tanzania and union matters is vested in the National Assembly,[91]: 64(1) which is unicameral and has a maximum of 357 members. Three of Africa's Great Lakes are partly within Tanzania. Reference Map Google Map Our map of Zanzibar This a sketch map of Zanzibar - showing its key road arteries, national parks, towns, and areas of interest for visitors. [100]: 5A(2),26(1) Zanzibar has two vice-presidents, with the first being from the main opposition party in the house. Stone Town (Tanzania) - Guide to Stonetown, Zanzibar - TripSavvy In 2012 its population was 223,033. Under the umbrella of the One UN Initiative, UNESCO and Tanzanian government departments and agencies formulated a series of proposals in 2008 for revising the "National Science and Technology Policy". [244] The reddish brown soils of volcanic origin in the highland areas are the most fertile. [240] Prematurity and malaria were tied in 2010 as the leading cause of death in children under 5 years old. Large herds of hoofed animalswildebeests, zebras, giraffes, buffalo, gazelles, elands, dik-diks, and kuduare found in most of the countrys numerous game parks. The Legislative Council has two parts: the president of Zanzibar and the House of Representatives. Zanzibar, Swahili Unguja, city and port of the island of Zanzibar, Tanzania. Dolphin Tour on Zanzibar. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Tanzania (/tnzni/;[8][9][b] Swahili:[tanzani.a]), officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Swahili: Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. Zanj (Arabic: , adj. [29] It consists of the first three letters of the names of the two states ("Tan" and "Zan") and the suffix, "ia" to form Tanzania. Zanzibar - Wikipedia [11] There are also Christian churches and temples: Roman Catholic Diocese of Zanzibar (Catholic Church), Anglican Church of Tanzania (Anglican Communion), Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania (Lutheran World Federation), Baptist Convention of Tanzania (Baptist World Alliance), Assemblies of God. It conststs of the main Zanzibar island and a group of much smaller ones. [25], Swahili is used in parliamentary debate, in the lower courts, and as a medium of instruction in primary school. [92][93] The main opposition party in Tanzania since multiparty politics in 1992 is called Chama cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (Chadema) (Swahili for "Party for Democracy and Progress"). With so many rivers, mainland Tanzania is rich in hydroelectricity potential. Kilwa controlled a number of smaller ports stretching down to modern-day Mozambique. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Swahili agriculturalists built increasingly dense settlements to tap into trade, these forming the earliest Swahili city-states. Tanzania - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Tanzania - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Tanganyika, historical eastern African state that in 1964 merged with Zanzibar to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar, later renamed the United Republic of Tanzania. [195], Programmes led by the World Food Programme operate within Tanzania. There is no department of local or regional African Languages and Literatures at the University of Dar es Salaam. Small bands of chimpanzees inhabit Gombe National Park along Lake Tanganyika. Zanzibar, Swahili Unguja, city and port of the island of Zanzibar, Tanzania. [210]:p. 113[263]:p. 17, Historically, there were limited opportunities for formal European art training in Tanzania and many aspiring Tanzanian artists left the country to pursue their vocation. The Supplementary Feeding Programme (SFP) aims to target acute malnutrition by supplying blended food fortified with vitamins to pregnant women and mothers to children under 5 on a monthly basis. [94], In Zanzibar, the country's semi-autonomous state, The Alliance for Change and Transparency-Wazalendois (ACT-Wazalendo) is considered the main opposition political party. 1,250subscribers on YouTube, The city also serves as the capital of the Zanzibar Urban/West Region. The indigenous populations of eastern Africa are thought to be the linguistically isolated Hadza and Sandawe hunter-gatherers of Tanzania. The islands economy is dependent on fishing, farming, and tourism. In all, about one-fourth of Tanzanias land has been set aside to form an extensive network of reserves, conservation areas, and national parks, a number of whichincluding Serengeti National Park, the Selous Game Reserve, the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, and Kilimanjaro National Parkhave been designated UNESCO World Heritage sites. [227] Approximately 10 per cent of Tanzanians speak Swahili as a first language, and up to 90 per cent speak it as a second language. In the first six months of 2020, Twiga already sold 8% more cement than it had done by the same stage in 2019. Zanzibar, Swahili Unguja, island in the Indian Ocean, lying 22 miles (35 km) off the coast of east-central Africa. Geography In western Tanzania, Gombe Stream National Park is the site of Jane Goodall's ongoing study of chimpanzee behaviour, which started in 1960. [138] Tanzania is a founding member of SADC in 1994, as well as its predecessor the Frontline States (FLS), from 1960 to 1994. [131] Tanzania ratified and joined the AU-brokered African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) on 17 January 2022, the largest free trade area in the world. [165]:page 2, As of 2011, Tanzania had 56 mobile telephone subscribers per 100 inhabitants, a rate slightly above the sub-Saharan average. [91]: 107(1)-(2)[100]: 63(1) The president is Zanzibar's head of government and the chairman of the Revolutionary Council, in which the executive authority of Zanzibar is invested. At the time of the foundation of the United Republic of Tanzania in 1964, the child mortality rate was 335 deaths per 1,000 live births. Corrections? Local government, however, was reintroduced in the beginning of the 1980s, when the rural councils and rural authorities were re-established. It is located 50 kilometers off Tanzania's east coast, across the Pemba Channel. Its primary focus is economic diplomacy and development. Elizabeth II, who had acceded to the British throne in 1952, continued to reign through the first year of Tanganyika's independence, but now distinctly as Queen of Tanganyika, represented by the governor general. Sea level rise and changes in the quality of water are expected to impact fisheries and aquaculture. [106], The House of Representatives is composed of elected members, ten members appointed by the president, all the regional commissioners of Zanzibar, the attorney general, and appointed female members whose number must be equal to 30 per cent of the elected members. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. [223] Among the Protestants, the large number of Lutherans and Moravians points to the German missionary past of the country, while the number of Anglicans point to the British missionary history of Tanganyika. The Broadcasting Services Act of 1993 allowed private broadcast networks and recording studios. Zanzibar Archipelago - WorldAtlas [124] Additionally, due to the strength of Tanzania's non-alignment, unity and internal peace since independence, Tanzania frequently acts as a mediator and location of treaties and agreements between other nations, such as the Arusha Agreement with Europe, as well as the Arusha Accords with Rwanda (1993) and Burundi (2000). The government signed the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) in 1985. [172] As of 27 August 2014, TANESCO owed the operator of this field, Orca Exploration Group Inc.[174], A newer natural gas field in Mnazi Bay in 2013 produced about one-seventh of the amount produced near Songo Songo Island[56]:page 73 but has proven, probable, and possible reserves of 2.2trillion cubic feet. Zanzibar Island 2023: Best Places to Visit - Tripadvisor [106] The Revolutionary Council consists of the president, both vice-presidents, all ministers, the attorney general of Zanzibar, and other house members deemed fit by the president. Select Your Zanzibar Accommodation Maps Option Zanzibar has accommodations located in five specific areas as noted below. To the north and west lie Lake Victoria, Africa's largest lake, and Lake Tanganyika, the continent's deepest lake, known for its unique species of fish. [76]:page 1252 The 86,500 kilometres (53,700mi) road system is in generally poor condition. Climate varies greatly within Tanzania. [107], The president and the members of the House of Representatives have five-year terms and can be elected for a second term. [12][13], Eastern Nilotic peoples, including the Maasai, represent a more recent migration from present-day South Sudan within the past 500 to 1,500 years. [144], As of 2021[update], according to the IMF, Tanzania's gross domestic product (GDP) was an estimated $71 billion (nominal), or $218.5 billion on a purchasing power parity (PPP) basis. [250][252] Taarab is sung Kiswahili poetry accompanied by a band, typically string, in which audience is often, but not always, encouraged to dance and clap. Mainland Tanganyika covers more than 99 percent of the combined territories' total area. The music industry is known as "Bongo Flava" which is in itself also a niche genre of music in Tanzania. Pemba Island, commonly referred to as The Green Island, is the archipelagos second-largest island, covering 988 square kilometers. [12]:page 18 These movements took place at about the same time as the settlement of the Mashariki Bantu from West Africa in the Lake Victoria and Lake Tanganyika areas. [210]:page 75 Major figures in Tanzanian written literature include Shaaban Robert (considered the father of Swahili literature), Muhammed Saley Farsy, Faraji Katalambulla, Adam Shafi Adam, Muhammed Said Abdalla, Peter K. Palangyo, Said Ahmed Mohammed Khamis, Mohamed Suleiman Mohamed, Euphrase Kezilahabi, Gabriel Ruhumbika, Ebrahim Hussein, May Materru Balisidya, Fadhy Mtanga, Abdulrazak Gurnah, and Penina O.
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