A convex meniscus occurs when the molecules have a stronger attraction to each other than to the container, as with mercury and glass. coffee rings. 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Related Questions. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. meniscus definition. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Why might a consumer buy locally sourced food? We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Water meniscus is convex, mercury menisucs is concave A concave meniscus, which is what you normally will see, occurs when the molecules of the liquid are attracted to those of the container. Surface scientists commonly use an optical goniometer/tensiometer to measure the surface tension and interfacial tension of a liquid using the pendant or sessile drop methods. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. convex What liquids have a convex meniscus? - idswater.com Water, gasoline, and other liquids that flow freely have a low viscosity. This occurs with water and a glass tube. (credit photo: modification of work by OliBac/Flickr). It can be either concave or convex, depending on the liquid and the surface. Answer: It is due to what is called cohesion and adhesion. Therefore mercury falls down from the sides attach to the wall and a concave or upward meniscus is obtained. Video \(\PageIndex{1}\): An overview of intermolecular forces in action as surface tension, viscosity, and capillary action. Liquids should always be measured at. forces with other molecules in all directions. What is a meniscus and why does it form? - MassInitiative Explain. 2.3: Properties of Liquids - Chemistry LibreTexts As the temperature increases, the molecules move more rapidly and their kinetic energies are better able to overcome the forces that hold them together; thus, the viscosity of the liquid decreases. 3 Why water attains concave meniscus whereas mercury attains convex meniscus give reasons? The light rays are bent away from the normal making us perceive the bottom of the pond or tank as shallow or raised. - We always read the bottom of a meniscus. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". - A meniscus for aqueous solutions is always convex. The. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. The concave meniscus of water and convex meniscus of mercury are shown in the figure below. Why does mercury have a meniscus that curves upward? - Answers Convex ones are prdouced when molecules have a stronger attraction to each other than to the container. Have feedback to give about this text? A meniscus lens is a concave-convex lens where one of the faces is curved inward and another face is curved outward. thats if the liquid molecules stick to each other better than they A convex meniscus occurs when the molecules have a stronger attraction to each other than to the container, as with mercury and glass. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. This is a big clean-up job. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Powered by SiteManager | Contact Webmaster. The reason is the flow of air around the drop. When you have mercury liquid in a container, why is the meniscus upside down compared to all other liquids? When mercury is put in a measuring cylinder, the meniscus curves downwards. Therefore mercury falls down from the sides attach to the wall and a concave or upward meniscus is obtained. Some liquids, like mercury, have a convex meniscus because the opposite is true - the molecules of the liquid are more strongly attracted to each other than the walls of the container. The cohesive forces between mercury atoms are less than the adhesive forces between mercury atoms and the glass wall. (In other words, In either case, you are measuring based on the center of the meniscus. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Mercury metal forms a convex meniscus in glass vessels. Water spreads out on glass because the adhesive force between water and glass is greater than the cohesive forces within the water. and glass. *Impurities present in a liquid appreciably affect surface tension. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. A concave meniscus, which is what you normally will see, occurs when the molecules of the liquid are attracted to those of the container. Many medical tests require drawing a small amount of blood, for example to determine the amount of glucose in someone with diabetes or the hematocrit level in an athlete. Consequently, why Mercury has its meniscus upward? liquid leaving the minimum number of molecules on the surface. It can be either convex or concave. Is Mercury convex or congruent in meniscus? Most cloth towels are made of cotton, and paper towels are generally made from paper pulp. Therefore, mercury forms a convex meniscus. Why does Mercury have a convex meniscus? Capillary action is due to strong adhesive forces of water molecules with the wall of capillary tube. The force of attraction similar molecules is called cohesive force and that between dissimilar molecules is called adhesive forces. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". as possible to be in contact with the container. Facts About Mercury (Hg) | Live Science This occurs with water and a glass tube. What properties of liquids are measurable? Why does the meniscus of water curve upwards? - Wise-Answer Adhesion of water to the walls of the capillary tube will lead to an upward force on the liquid at the edges. Why is the meniscus of water curved upwards? The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. This curve is formed by the surface tension between the liquid and the container holding the liquid. 5 What is the difference between water and mercury? Formation of a Meniscus Mercury does not wet glass the cohesive forces within the drops are stronger than the adhesive forces between the drops and glass. Legal. cohesive forces within the water. A convex meniscus occurs when the molecules have a stronger attraction to each other than to the container, as with mercury and glass. When the weight of the liquid in the tube generates a downward force equal to the upward force associated with capillary action, the liquid stops rising. The glass wall is wet. 6 What kind of meniscus does mercury form? Click here. In liquids such as water, the meniscus is concave; in liquids such as mercury, however, which have very strong cohesive forces and weak adhesion to glass, the meniscus is convex . Why does mercury have a convex meniscus while water is concave? Mercury is a very dense, heavy, silver-white metal that is a liquid at room temperature. Surface Tension and Adhesion (video) | Khan Academy Official websites use .gov So, why does water have this property of surface tension? Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. What is causing the plague in Thebes and how can it be fixed? Best Answer Copy Mercury has a convex meniscus because the intermolecular forces between mercury atoms are stronger than those between mercury atoms and glass molecules of a tube. Answer Verified 185.1k + views Hint: A meniscus can ascend or descend. The water molecules are also attracted to each other, so large amounts of water are drawn up the cellulose fibers. Because mercury still exhibits metallic bonding, even in the liquid state, and metal-metal interactions are stronger than the metal glass interactions. The viscosity of a liquid is a measure of its resistance to flow. A meniscus can go up or down. Water has high surface tension due to extremely high molecular binding force of water caused by the hydrogen bond between water molecules. The meniscus (plural: menisci, from the Greek for "crescent") is the curve in the upper surface of a liquid close to the surface of the container or another object, caused by surface tension. A concave meniscus, which is what you normally will see, occurs when the molecules of the liquid are attracted to those of the container. A convex meniscus occurs when the molecules have a stronger attraction to each other than to the container, as with mercury and glass. Why meniscus of mercury is convex? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. This property results from the cohesive forces between molecules at the surface of a liquid, and it causes the surface of a liquid to behave like a stretched rubber membrane. Why mercury has its meniscus upward? Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. 1 Why does water have a concave meniscus and mercury a convex meniscus? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. That also explains why the meniscus is concave. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Mercury is stronger than water. arrow_forward A convex mirror has a radius of curvature of 30 cm. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Complete answer: What happens when Mercury is placed in a graduated cylinder? Due to stronger adhesive forces over cohesive forces, water shows concave meniscus in narrow glass tube. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Menisci are a manifestation of capillary action, by which either surface adhesion pulls a liquid up to form a concave meniscus, or internal cohesion pulls the liquid down to form a convex meniscus. If you place one end of a paper towel in spilled wine, as shown in Figure \(\PageIndex{5}\), the liquid wicks up the paper towel. See all questions in Properties of Solids, Liquids, and Gases. Why? Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. between the liquid and the inner walls of the tube) until the adhesive What is the shape when a mercury is placed in a glass vessel? Why Mercury has Convex Meniscus? We will not concern ourselves with calculating capillary height in this course. In contrast, water exhibits a concave meniscus, because the attraction between the wall and the water is stronger than the waters internal cohesion. This phenomenon is called Capillary Action. Larger drops are more greatly affected by gravity, air resistance, surface interactions, and so on, and as a result, are less spherical. Meniscus is a curve in the surface of a molecular substance and is produced in response to the surface of the container or another object. results from an imbalance of intermolecular attractive forces, the cohesive In contrast, a convex meniscus curves upward; if you are looking down into the container, the meniscus curves toward you. Mercury shows a convex meniscus (the centre is higher than the edges), because internal cohesive forces are stronger than the force between the glass wall and the metal. Why does the bottom of vessel filled with water appear to be concave when viewed from above? 7 Why does Mercury have a concave meniscus? It does not store any personal data. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Most liquids have concave menisci because the molecules of those liquids are more strongly attracted to the walls of their container than to each other. How is the meniscus of mercury different to that of water? The height to which a liquid will rise in a capillary tube is determined by several factors as shown in the following equation: \[h=\dfrac{2T\cos}{rg} \label{10.2.1}\], Applications: Capillary Action is Used to Draw Blood. This occurs with water and a glass tube. At sea level atmospheric pressure is greater than that of mountains , therefore boiling point of liquids is high. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. What deficiency causes a preterm infant respiratory distress syndrome? and the container, also known as "wetting", encourages as much liquid These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Why might a cell need to use the enzyme pepsin? By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. In such a case the liquid forms a convex meniscus. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. A convex meniscus occurs when the molecules have a stronger attraction to each other than to the container, as with mercury and glass. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. This is a consequence of metallic bonding; and it is formally termed an ameniscus, or a convex meniscus (as opposed to the concave menisci, that water forms).
