Montana has thousands of named rivers and creeks,[119] 450 miles (720km) of which are known for "blue-ribbon" trout fishing. The constitution of 1889 provided for the election of no fewer than three Supreme Court justices, and one chief justice. The U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation administers approximately 300,000 acres (1,200km2) of land and water surface in the state. As settlers began populating Montana from the 1850s through the 1870s, disputes with Native Americans ensued, primarily over land ownership and control. Gold rushes to the region commenced in earnest starting in 1862. [10] The name Montana was added in 1863 to a bill by the United States House Committee on Territories (chaired at the time by James Ashley of Ohio) for the territory that would become Idaho Territory. Railroads have been an important method of transportation in Montana since the 1880s. Other significant economic resources include oil, gas, coal, mining, and lumber. U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Montana [63], The Montanans who opposed U.S. entry into the war included immigrant groups of German and Irish heritage, as well as pacifist Anabaptist people such as the Hutterites and Mennonites, many of whom were also of Germanic heritage. [54] In addition, small homesteads of fewer than 320 acres (130ha) were unsuited to the environment. The investment will provide financial investment to Native businesses and Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park. 1,122,867. Surrounding a long segment of the Missouri River in the north-central part of the state are the Missouri River Breaks, which make up a scenic area of rugged uplands that is part of Upper Missouri River Breaks National Monument. [57] In 1910, the Great Falls land office alone had more than a thousand homestead filings per month,[58] and at the peak of 19171918 it had 14,000 new homesteads each year. Hell Roaring Creek begins in southern Montana, and when combined with the Red Rock, Beaverhead, Jefferson, Missouri, and Mississippi River, is the longest river in North America and the fourth longest river in the world. The Anaconda Copper Company, which was at its historic peak of copper production,[64] was an extremely powerful force in Montana, but it also faced criticism and opposition from socialist newspapers and unions struggling to make gains for their members. The city having the largest percentage growth was Kalispell, with 40.1%, and the city with the largest increase in actual residents was Billings, with an increase in population of 12,946 from 2010 to 2020. [167] Snowfall has been recorded in all months of the year in the more mountainous areas of central and western Montana, though it is rare in July and August. The property's value is multiplied by a tax rate, set by the Montana Legislature, to determine its taxable value. [27] In 1875, General Philip Sheridan pleaded to a joint session of Congress to authorize the slaughtering of bison herds to deprive Native people of their source of food. [291], Montana does not have a Trauma I hospital but does have Trauma II hospitals in Missoula, Billings, and Great Falls. As of August2021[update], the state's unemployment rate is 3.5%.[242]. [318] In 1992, voters approved a constitutional amendment implementing term limits for certain statewide elected executive branch offices (governor, lieutenant governor, secretary of state, state auditor, attorney general, superintendent of public instruction) and for members of the Montana Legislature. The honyocker was farmer, spinster, deep-sea diver; fiddler, physician, bartender, cook. In May 2006, then-Governor Brian Schweitzer posthumously issued full pardons for all those convicted of violating the Montana Sedition Act. Tim Sheehy. [208] The Blackfeet nation is headquartered on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (1851) in Browning, Crow on the Crow Indian Reservation (1868)[209] in Crow Agency, Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille on the Flathead Indian Reservation (1855) in Pablo, Northern Cheyenne on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (1884) at Lame Deer, Assiniboine and Gros Ventre on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (1888) in Fort Belknap Agency, Assiniboine and Sioux on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (1888) at Poplar, and Chippewa-Cree on the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (1916) near Box Elder. Updates? Conversely, air flow from the southwest results in "chinooks". She referred to Butte throughout the rest of her career and remains a controversial figure there for her mixture of criticism and love for Butte and its people. Where is Montana located? - World Population Review [6] Its rivers feed the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and Hudson Bay. Ranked 45th in population (by the 2010 census) it is 19th in native people,[198] who are 6.5% of the state's populationthe sixth-highest percentage of all fifty states. US States - Ranked by Population 2023 - World Population Review [284] Yellowstone National Park also allows cross-country skiing. [329], Montana has voted for the Republican nominee in all but two presidential elections since 1952. [238], Montana's personal income tax contains seven brackets, with rates ranging from 1.0 to 6.9 percent. The resort tax is a sales tax that applies to hotels, motels and other lodging and camping facilities; restaurants, fast-food stores, and other food service establishments; taverns, bars, night clubs, lounges, or other public establishments that serve alcohol; as well as destination ski resorts or other destination recreational facilities.[240]. The U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service administers 110,000 acres (450km2) of 1.1million acres of National Wildlife Refuges and waterfowl production areas in Montana. NOAA Technical Report NESDIS 150", "Historical Population Change Data (19102020)", "The 2022 Annual Homelessness Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress", "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Montana; United States", "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States", "Population of Montana - Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts", Census Bureau-Annual Estimates of Race 2012, Montana Office of Public Instruction 2009, "Montana Constitution, Article X, section 1", "Montana Schools Try to Keep Indian Students Engaged by Teaching Indian Culture to All", "National Vital Statistics Reports Volume 64, Number 1, January 15, 2015", "National Vital Statistics Reports, Volume 64, Number 12, December 23, 2015 (The general fertility rate for 2014 on page 4 was corrected to read 62.9 on December 23, 2015. The Pend Oreille River joined the Columbia River, which flows to the Pacific Oceanmaking the 579-mile (932km) long Clark Fork/Pend Oreille (considered a single river system) the longest river in the Rocky Mountains. Capital of Montana: 5 Reasons to Visit Helena - Wide Open Roads Montana's fastest-growing sector is tourism, with 12.6 million tourists (as of 2019) visiting the state each year. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. Between many mountain ranges are several rich river valleys. One of the first teachers at the school was Sarah Raymond. [198] Of Montana's 56 counties, Native Americans constitute a majority in three: Big Horn, Glacier, and Roosevelt. At least 1,500 Montanans died in the war. Major events include: There are no major league sports franchises in Montana due to the state's relatively small and dispersed population, but a number of minor league teams play in the state. Farmers of Irish, Scots, and English roots also settled in Montana. Montana | Capital, Population, Climate, Map, & Facts The western half of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges, while the eastern half is characterized by western prairie terrain and badlands, with smaller mountain ranges found throughout the state. The Montana Legislature is bicameral and consists of the 50-member Montana Senate and the 100-member Montana House of Representatives. Former Navy SEAL seeks GOP nod to challenge Montana Democratic US Sen US State Capitals by Population 2023 - World Population Review The Rocky Mountains sweep down from British Columbia, trending northwest-southeast into western Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming. You can copy and paste this list directly into your favorite spreadsheet program. Montana Rankings | US News Best States [67] In addition, the Council of Defense was made a state agency with the power to prosecute and punish individuals deemed in violation of the Act. The country south of the Yellowstone River is mainly scattered hills. [203] Many of Montana's historic logging communities originally attracted people of Scottish, Scandinavian, Slavic, English, and Scotch-Irish descent. District Courts have jurisdiction primarily over most civil cases, cases involving a monetary claim against the state, felony criminal cases, probate, and cases at law and in equity. The smaller Pend d'Oreille and Kalispel tribes lived near Flathead Lake and the western mountains, respectively. In Rocky Mountain Montana the mountain ranges are aligned generally from north-northwest to south-southeast. Montanans have been a part of several major sporting achievements: Montana provides year-round outdoor recreation opportunities for residents and visitors. There are no intermediate appellate courts. With an area of 380,800 sq. Montana is called the Treasure State because of its immense mineral wealth. [307][308] Montana's other major airports include Missoula International Airport, Great Falls International Airport, Glacier Park International Airport, Helena Regional Airport, Bert Mooney Airport, and Yellowstone Airport. Helena is the capital. A random draw grants a limited number of permits for moose, mountain goats and bighorn sheep. About Montana; Population: 1,005,141; Nickname: Treasure State; State Capital: Helena; State Flower: Bitterroot; State Bird: Western Meadowlark; State Animal: Grizzly . Rapid population growth gives Montana 2nd US House seat [226] The United States Department of Education estimated in 2009 that 5,274 students in Montana spoke a language at home other than English. However, property taxes are assessed on livestock, farm machinery, heavy equipment, automobiles, trucks, and business equipment. [46] In 1902, the Reclamation Act was passed, allowing irrigation projects to be built in Montana's eastern river valleys. QuickFacts provides statistics for all states and counties, and for cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more. [48] This combination of advertising and changes in the Homestead Act drew tens of thousands of homesteaders, lured by free land, with World War I bringing particularly high wheat prices. Attorneys for Darius Miles on Wednesday filed a motion for immunity, asking Tuscaloosa County Circuit Judge Daniel Pruet to dismiss capital murder charges on the . The organization is an outreach endeavor that is part of the College of Arts & Architecture at Montana State University, Bozeman. The U.S. Census Bureau conducts a Decennial Census every 10 years to compile a complete count of the population and housing units within the United States. East of the Continental Divide, Montana is drained by the Missouri River and its principal tributary, the Yellowstone. Youth Courts have jurisdiction over misdemeanor and felony acts committed by those charged as a juvenile under the law. [131] The stretch of river between Fort Benton and the Fred Robinson Bridge at the western boundary of Fort Peck Reservoir was designated a National Wild and Scenic River in 1976. Pulitzer Prize winner Wallace Earle Stegner from Great Falls was often called "The Dean of Western Writers". No data available Federal and state agencies administer approximately 31,300,000 acres (127,000km2), or 35 percent of Montana's land. [224] Spanish is the language next most commonly spoken at home, with about 13,040 Spanish-language speakers in the state (1.4% of the population) in 2011. Federal courts in Montana include the United States District Court for the District of Montana and the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Montana. [201], As of 2009, almost two-thirds of Native Americans in the state live in urban areas. [37] A number of smaller spur lines operated in Montana from 1881 into the 20th century, including the Oregon Short Line, Montana Railroad, and Milwaukee Road. Other pacifists tended to be those from "peace churches" who generally opposed war. The U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management controls 8,100,000 acres (33,000km2) of federal land. When the Soviets removed their missiles from Cuba, President John F. Kennedy said the Soviets backed down because they knew he had an "ace in the hole", referring directly to the Minuteman missiles in Montana. At its peak, 10,000 people flooded the area named "Fourteen-mile City" for the numerous settlements that lined the gulch. The Montana Judicial Nomination Commission develops short lists of nominees for all five Water Judges, who are then appointed by the Chief justice of the Montana Supreme Court (subject to confirmation by the Montana Senate). Republican Tim Sheehy launches bid for U.S. Senate in Montana [227], Religious self-identification, per Public Religion Research Institute's 2022 American Values Survey[230]. [93] It contains the state's highest point, Granite Peak, 12,799 feet (3,901m) high. [183], Montana has one city, Billings, with a population over 100,000; and three cities with populations over 50,000: Missoula, Great Falls and Bozeman. Cities by Population Montana Cities by Population Below are the 455 Montana cities sorted by population from largest to smallest. Many well-known artists, photographers and authors have documented the land, culture and people of Montana in the last 130 years. The state ranks 48th in population density. [59] In 19171918, due to a miscalculation of Montana's population, about 40,000 Montanans, 10% of the state's population,[59] volunteered or were drafted into the armed forces. [236] Significant industries exist for lumber and mineral extraction; the state's resources include gold, coal, silver, talc, and vermiculite. [59], In June 1917, the U.S. Congress passed the Espionage Act of 1917, which was extended by the Sedition Act of 1918. Highway 212, the primary paved route between the two, passes through the northeast corner of Wyoming between Montana and South Dakota. [172][173] The glaciers in Glacier National Park have receded and are predicted to melt away completely in a few decades. Beginning in the mid-1990s, the state also had an influx of Amish, who moved to Montana from increasingly urbanized areas of Ohio and Pennsylvania. The Continental Divide has a considerable effect on the climate, as it restricts the flow of warmer air from the Pacific from moving east, and drier continental air from moving west. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota and South Dakota to the east, Wyoming to the south, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan to the north. However, public opinion grew increasingly negative towards them in the 1890s, and nearly half of the state's Asian population left by 1900. [24] The Salish remained in the Bitterroot Valley until 1891. [70][71] Air bases were built in Great Falls, Lewistown, Cut Bank, and Glasgow, some of which were used as staging areas to prepare planes to be sent to allied forces in the Soviet Union. East and north of this transition zone are the expansive and sparsely populated Northern Plains, with tableland prairies, smaller island mountain ranges, and badlands. More than 40 spent time in prison. It is the fourth-largest state in the United States after Alaska, Texas, and California,[75] and the largest landlocked state. Mountain ranges can accumulate 300 inches or 7.62 meters of snow during a winter. Its eastern half is full of badlands and western prairie terrains. CSV JSON Cities in Montana by Population (2023) Map of Cities in Montana Montana Cities by First Letter The largest mining operations were at Butte, with important silver deposits and expansive copper deposits. View this post on Instagram A post shared by Visit Helena Montana (@visithelenamontana) Largest Grizzly Bear Population. When Montana became a state, the fight for the location of the state capital pitted "Copper King" Marcus Daly of Anaconda against rival William A. Clark, who supported Helena. The United States Census Bureau states that the population of Montana was 1,122,867 on July 1, 2022, an 3.56% increase since the 2020 census. Former Navy SEAL officer and businessman Tim Sheehy announced this morning he's running as a Republican in the race for Democratic U.S. Sen. Jon Tester's seat in 2024. Forests cover about 25% of the state. Map. [60] Montana's Remount station in Miles City provided 10,000 cavalry horses for the war, more than any other Army post in the country. The first schools were subscription schools that typically met in the teacher's home. Montana is the only state in the union from which waters flow to Hudson Bay, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Pacific Ocean. The Montana Act led to the arrest of more than 200 individuals and the conviction of 78, mostly of German or Austrian descent. [72] Secretary of the Navy Ray Mabus announced on September 3, 2015, that Virginia Class attack submarine SSN-794 will become the second commissioned warship to bear the name. Intercity bus service in Montana is provided by Jefferson Lines and Express Arrow. The transcontinental GNR was completed on January 6, 1893, at Scenic, Washington[38] and is known as the Hi Line, being the northern most transcontinental rail line in the United States. [301][302] Montana's largest circulating daily city newspapers are the Billings Gazette (circulation 39,405), Great Falls Tribune (26,733), and Missoulian (25,439). Many people left, and half the banks in the state went bankrupt as a result of providing mortgages that could not be repaid. However, the grizzly bear and Canadian lynx are listed as a threatened species only for the mainland 48 states. Population: 9,184 Billings This southeast Montana city is the most populous in the state. History Helena was originally named "The Last Chance Gulch" and it was founded by four gold miners as they were searching for more gold in the year 1864. Montana's population of 1.1 million is "simply too minuscule to make any difference in climate change," Russell told the court, "which is a global issue that effectively relegates Montana . Tracks of the Great Northern Railroad (GNR) reached eastern Montana in 1887 and when they reached the northern Rocky Mountains in 1890, the GNR became a significant promoter of tourism to Glacier National Park region. Montana (/mntn/ (listen)) is a state in the Mountain West division of the Western United States. Both members, however, were still elected at-large. With all the miners moving in, it was decided to move the territorial capital from Virginia City, near Montana's first major gold strike, to Helena. The western meadowlark is Montana's state bird. November 8 1889: Preceded by: Succeeded by: Idaho Territory: Montana: The Territory of Montana was an organized incorporated territory of the United . [293], Montana is ranked as the least obese state in the U.S., at 19.6%, according to the 2014 Gallup Poll. [289], Snow coach tours are offered at Big Sky, Whitefish, West Yellowstone and into Yellowstone National Park. Hers was the only vote against the war, and in the wake of public outcry over her vote, Rankin required police protection for a time. Austin, Texas is a distant second with around 900,000 residents as of 2018, and Columbus, Ohio comes in third with approximately 860,000 residents. Virginia City was designated as the new territorial capital of Montana in 1865 when Alder Gulch had gathered most of Montana's population. [91], East of the divide, several roughly parallel ranges cover the state's southern part, including the Gravelly Range, Madison Range, Gallatin Range, Absaroka Mountains, and Beartooth Mountains. The state spans from below the 45th parallel (the line equidistant between the equator and North Pole) to the 49th parallel, and elevations range from under 2,000 feet (610m) to nearly 13,000 feet (4,000m) above sea level. [11], The name was changed by representatives Henry Wilson (Massachusetts) and Benjamin F. Harding (Oregon), who complained that Montana had "no meaning". [225] Also, 15,438 (1.7% of the state population) were speakers of Indo-European languages other than English or Spanish, 10,154 (1.1%) were speakers of a Native American language, and 4,052 (0.4%) were speakers of an Asian or Pacific Islander language. The western half is mountainous, interrupted by numerous large valleys. There is a Youth Court in every judicial district, and decisions of the Youth Court are appealable directly to the Montana Supreme Court. [17] In 1847, Fort Benton was built as the uppermost fur-trading post on the Missouri River. In general, the grizzly bear and Canadian lynx are not threatened species; the IUCN lists both as "least concern". The eastern portion of the state, however, is a gently rolling landscape, with millions of grazing cattle and sheep, and with only scattered evidence of human habitation. [203], While the largest European American population in Montana is German (which may also include Austrian and Swiss, among other groups), pockets of significant Scandinavian ancestry are prevalent in some of the farming-dominated northern and eastern prairie regions, parallel to nearby regions of North Dakota and Minnesota. The coldest month varies between December and January depending on location, although figures are similar throughout. (2020) 1,084,225; (2022 est.) The last recorded conflict in Montana between the U.S. Army and Native Americans occurred in 1887 during the Battle of Crow Agency in the Big Horn country. The incorporated places are made up of 52 cities, 75 towns, and two consolidated city-counties. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [78] Many of these isolated eastern ranges were created about 120 to 66million years ago when magma welling up from the interior cracked and bowed the earth's surface here. [325] Republicans Matt Rosendale and Ryan Zinke are the current officeholders. The court employs 12 permanent special masters. [173][177] According to a study done for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Science, parts of Montana will experience a 200% increase in area burned by wildfires and an 80% increase in related air pollution.[179][180].
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